THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF PROSECUTORS AS AN ELEMENT OF THEIR LABOR AND LEGAL STATUS

Abstract

The article provides a theoretical and legal analysis of the professional development of prosecutors as an element of their labor and legal status. The relevance of the study is обусловлена the reform of the prosecution system, the increasing requirements for the quality of prosecutorial activity, and, at the same time, the fragmented nature of the current legal regulation of the relevant legal relations. Based on the analysis of academic sources and legislation, it is established that the administrative law approach prevails in modern doctrine, while the labor law nature of professional development remains insufficiently explored.

The expediency of considering professional development as an integrated element of the prosecutor’s labor and legal status is substantiated. It is proven that this category has a complex and multidimensional nature and combines the prosecutor’s subjective right to professional development, the duty to maintain an appropriate level of professional competence, state guarantees, and legal consequences in the fields of evaluation, career advancement, and liability. The relationship between professional development and employee qualification as a factor influencing legal status is also identified.

The article systematizes the main scientific approaches to understanding the professional development of prosecutors (labor law, administrative law, and professional-ethical) and proposes a comprehensive authorial approach, according to which professional development acts as a system-forming element of service-related labor relations. Its role as a criterion for evaluating prosecutorial performance and as a prerequisite for career advancement is analyzed.

Special attention is paid to the shortcomings of legal regulation, including the lack of a clear definition of professional development, the fragmentation of the regulatory framework, the formalized nature of approaches to assessing training outcomes, and the insufficient connection with personnel procedures. It is concluded that professional development should be legislatively закреплено as an interconnected construct of right, duty, and guarantee.

Prospects for further research include the development of individual professional trajectories of prosecutors, the improvement of evaluation mechanisms, and ensuring equal access to professional development.

Keywords: professional development, prosecutor, public service, labor rights, legal status, labor relations, labor guarantees, career advancement.