Аpplication of cavitation phenomenon and cavitation reactor for intensification of the esterification process
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33216/1998-7927-2025-287-1-57-66Keywords:
cavitation, cavitation reactor, esterification, process intensification, hydrodynamic cavitation, chemical reaction optimization, energy savingAbstract
The article explores the use of cavitation phenomena to enhance the esterification process, which plays a crucial role in the chemical and petrochemical industries. The mechanisms of cavitation bubble formation, their influence on the physicochemical properties of the medium, and the acceleration of reactions in liquid-phase systems are examined. The advantages of a cavitation reactor for improving technological processes, increasing productivity, and reducing energy consumption are demonstrated.
Esterification is a widely used method for synthesizing complex esters, which are applied in organic synthesis, biofuel production, and the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Traditional esterification methods require significant energy expenditures and catalysts to achieve effective reaction performance. The study proves that cavitation effects contribute to more intensive mixing of reactants, the breakdown of intermolecular bonds, increased catalytic efficiency, and reduced process duration.
Various types of cavitation reactors, including hydrodynamic, ultrasonic, and acoustic systems, and their impact on esterification efficiency are analyzed. The results of experimental studies confirm that cavitation application ensures reaction product stability, minimizes the formation of by-products, and increases the yield of the final ester. Optimal operating parameters for the cavitation reactor, such as pressure, ultrasonic wave frequency, temperature, and reactant feed rate, are determined.
Additionally, the article provides an economic analysis of implementing cavitation technologies in industrial processes. It is established that the use of cavitation effects significantly reduces energy consumption, lowers catalyst costs, and improves the environmental performance of production. The prospects for further development of this technology are discussed, including the potential integration of cavitation reactors into existing production lines and their application in related industrial sectors.
Thus, the study results confirm that cavitation is a powerful tool for intensifying esterification processes, ensuring increased reaction efficiency, reduced energy costs, and improved product quality. The application of cavitation technologies opens new opportunities for optimizing chemical production and enhancing its competitiveness.
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