Сontrol systems for a three-shelf gas reactor in ammonia production with a model. algorithm development

Abstract

This paper presents an approach to the development of a control system with a model of a gas ammonia synthesis reactor. The combined form of the model allows to use the advantages of both experimental-statistical and deterministic approaches, which provides high adequacy, easy adaptability, and a wide range of applications - key aspects in the optimization and control of complex technological objects. Using this approach, a model of a three-polymer gas reactor for ammonia synthesis was created. Based on the results obtained, programs are being developed to implement the proposed algorithms in an automated ammonia production control system, and they are being adapted to production conditions. The implementation of this system will narrow the range of process parameters towards the optimal value, which will lead to a significant economic effect. A refined information-logic diagram of the gas ammonia synthesis reactor was developed, which allowed us to describe in detail the internal connections of the control object and assess their impact on the output coordinates of the reactor. An algorithm for the control system operation with a model of a gas ammonia synthesis reactor was created, and a general view of the mathematical model of the reactor with an integrated internal heat exchanger was obtained, which made it possible to determine the equation for the criterion of the reactor's optimal operation. The proposed approach makes it possible, by solving the optimization problem, to determine such values of the "cold" bypass flow rates at which the reactor will operate under conditions close to optimal. This ensures a rapid transition of the system to a region close to the optimum. After that, the optimum value of the methanol concentration at the outlet of the synthesis reactor is determined by the Hooke-Jeeves method. models for the subsequent optimization and control of a complex technological facility. The technological process of ammonia synthesis as a control object is analyzed. A mathematical model of a gas reactor shelf for ammonia synthesis was developed. A mathematical model of the internal heat exchanger was developed. A mathematical model of a gas reactor for the synthesis of ammonia was developed. To determine the unknown parameters of the mathematical model, a system of test effects on a three-shelf gas reactor by changing the flow rate of synthesis gas through cold bypasses by a known fixed value is proposed. A similar fourth-degree equation was obtained that relates the ammonia concentration at the outlet of the three-shelf reactor to the process parameters. The proposed equation can be used to solve an optimization problem. Based on the results obtained, programs are being developed to implement the proposed algorithms in the ammonia production process control system.