Direct taxes and their impact on the financial state of the enterprise

Abstract

The article examines the impact of direct taxes on the financial condition of enterprises in Ukraine, taking into account modern economic realities. The key financial indicators of enterprises, such as sales volume, production cost, profit, solvency, financial stability and efficiency of working capital use, and their dependence on the level of direct taxation are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the income tax, its dual impact on the financial results of enterprises and its role as an important source of budget revenues. The need for a balance between filling the budget and supporting business, especially in conditions of economic instability, is emphasized. The mechanisms of the impact of direct taxes on the activities of business entities are considered, in particular on their profitability, investment activity, liquidity and solvency. The dynamics of revenues from basic taxes to the state budget of Ukraine and their role in the formation of budget revenues are analyzed. The current system of tax benefits from income tax in Ukraine is studied in detail. The categories of enterprises eligible for benefits and their impact on financial indicators and stimulating the development of priority sectors of the economy are determined. Among the benefits considered are benefits for aircraft manufacturing enterprises, electric transport manufacturers, agricultural producers, as well as for foreign and domestic investors implementing significant investment projects. 

The article highlights the importance of digitalization of tax procedures to increase the efficiency of administration, reduce business costs and increase transparency. The experience of other countries, in particular the UK, which demonstrates the advantages of digital technologies in the tax sphere is studied. The use of digital platforms for filing declarations, paying taxes and managing tax obligations, as well as the integration of tax services with other state platforms, is analyzed. It is proposed to adapt positive foreign experience to Ukrainian realities to modernize the tax system and create a more favorable tax climate that will promote investment attraction and economic development.