Application of descriptive geometry methods to solving practical problems

Abstract

 This article, based on personal practice, discusses the positive aspects of solving practical problems. They based on knowledge of descriptive geometry methods, which is an incentive to study the graphic discipline. Descriptive geometry is one of the main general technical disciplines that form the basis of engineering education. Descriptive geometry and engineering graphics is one of the most labor-intensive disciplines for junior students of technical universities. Unfortunately, the decline in the level of graphic arts training of school graduates is becoming more and more noticeable. It is difficult for them to adapt to an unusual subject.The reason is that schools emphasize subjects whose level of knowledge is controlled by centralized testing conducted during the admission process, while the discipline of Drawing is taught on a residual basis. In addition, many first-year students perceive the methods of descriptive geometry as something complicated, abstract, and of little use in real life. So, in order to generate interest in studying the discipline, a teacher needs to be able to show a direct transition from theory to solving practical problems. For students of technical specialties, such a transition from theory to practice when studying the topic «Method of replacing projection planes» is to make a drawing using descriptive geometry methods. The method of replacing projection planes is to replace one of the planes with a new one. This plane is selected perpendicular to the remaining projection plane. The geometric shape does not change its position in space. The new plane is positioned so that the geometric figure occupies a special position in relation to it, convenient for solving the problem. By replacing the projection planes, you can solve four main problems: determine the natural size of a line segment and its angles of inclination to the projection planes; convert a line parallel to one of the projection planes into a projection line; convert the plane of general position into a projection plane; convert the projection plane into a level plane (a plane parallel to one of the projection planes).