KEY PROBLEMS OF SPIRITUAL AND MORAL EDUCATION OF YOUNGER PUPILS

Abstract

The article reveals the problems of spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren, the peculiarities of interaction between school and family in the spiritual and moral enlightenment of schoolchildren. Emphasis is placed on the need for such interaction, taking into account the psychological and age characteristics of children, the knowledge of these characteristics by the parents. The main directions of interaction between school and family for the purpose of spiritual and moral education of students have been determined. The research problem is the creation of pedagogical conditions for the spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren together with their parents and family. The sequence of features of changes in these relationships with the age of the child. It is noted that in order to solve this problem, the teacher needs not only knowledge of primary school subjects and the methods of teaching them, but also the ability to direct their activities towards spiritual and moral education in the direction of interaction with parents. Solving moral problems only in the classroom, the teacher will not be able to fully reveal the possibilities for the spiritual and moral development of younger students. Educational work includes extracurricular activities. With the help of conversations, lessons, excursions, games, work activities, the teacher helps the child to develop the first moral qualities: not to offend classmates, respect the teacher and parents, and help others. In elementary school, the main traits of the personality are formed. The younger school age is a period in the spiritual and moral development of a person, therefore, a special responsibility is assigned to primary school teachers and parents. As a result of the research, they came to the conclusion that moral education cannot be separated into some kind of special educational process. The formation of moral qualities occurs in the process of multifaceted activities of children. The teacher is faced with the task, regardless of the situation, to create conditions for the development of these qualities.