THE PLACE OF ARTISTIC NEEDS IN THE FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT AND ARTISTIC-AESTHETIC EDUCATION OF THE PERSONALITY

Abstract

The article reveals the author's conceptual position that development, education, and personality formation should begin with the need-motivational sphere, which, in turn, forms the value sphere. Focusing on artistic and aesthetic education, the author notes that the main means of artistic and aesthetic education and the formation of artistic needs are art and fiction. The formation of artistic needs is considered as the basis of artistic and aesthetic education. Considering the problem from this perspective, the needs-based approach acts as a methodological basis both in education in general and in artistic and aesthetic education in particular. And an artistic need is viewed as a cultural, spiritual need and as an integrative formation synthesizing in itself various forms of its manifestation (as a need for artistic creativity; as a need for self-realization; as a need for mastering cultural values; as a need for catharsis, etc.).

A stable artistic need develops a range of feelings, forms a moral act, moral opinion, and it is a source of both artistic and aesthetic education and education in general. The need for fiction and fiction itself contributes to the formation of a morally integral personality (K. D. Ushinsky).

The essence of the artistic need is manifested in its effective, active character, and in the motivation for creativity. That is why the formation of artistic needs is the first step in the system of artistic and aesthetic education and it is the basis for the development and formation of the personality as a whole. A special role in this process is played by fiction, because figurative thinking, which develops through fiction and verbal creativity, is "a necessary stage in the transition to thinking with concepts" (V. O. Sukhomlynsky).

The mechanism, principles and methods of the formation of artistic needs in the system of aesthetic education are revealed.